Linux (and GNOME) Tips.
using scim for
desired/all locale
For all user
Change the link /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/all_ALL point to
/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim
#sudo ln -sf /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim
/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/all_ALL
To return as default, change link to /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/default
#sudo ln -sf /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/default
/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/all_ALL
If desire to apply only when login as specific locale, create file or
link with
name same of deisred locale.
For example, to use scim on en_US locale
#sudo ln -s /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim
/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim/en_US
The locale without setup are used
the all_ALL
per user
Same as all user case, copy the config file (or create link) inside
.xinput.d folder os user home directory. Recomend to copy instead of
link in way to edit and customize.
#mkdir ~/.xinput.d
#cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim ~/.xinput.d/all_ALL
or
#cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim ~/.xinput.d/en_US
per user scim setup
In way to activate/desactivate input method, click on right button on
scim icon
(on task bar) and select SCIM Setup.
On IME Engine->Global Setup, check/uncheck desired input method.
The input method are selected, clicking left button on scim icon.
Note: <ctrl><space> enable/disable scim
(change IME).
BUG and solution
BUG: can not rename files in nautilus. Sometimes, the imput method on
nautilus will changed to xim and loss commutication with scim. Thus,
can not type in rename field.
SOLUTION: right click on rename field and select imput
method->scim.
To produce accented
character on english keyboard
If is not accentuate the character, the keyboard layout
is incorrect. Use international layout of keyboard.
Edit the file /etc/X11/xorg.conf
#sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
and on
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
...
add Option XkbVariant as intl or alt-intl
The section becames like this
,----[ /etc/shadow ]------
| ...
| Section "InputDevice"
|
| Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
| Driver "kbd"
| Option "CoreKeyboard"
| Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
| Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
| Option "XkbLayout" "us"
| Option "XkbVariant" "intl"
| EndSection
| ...
`----
The above change will be maded using command line setxkbmap
#sudo setxkbmap us -variant intl
or
#sudo setxkbmap us -variant alt-intl
Note that, in gnome, will set keyboard layout per user using
system->preference->keyboard
using cedilla on english
keybord/environment
On the English keyboard with intl variant, the cedilla are produced by
<alt>","
and <shift><alt> "," and on alt-intl
variant, are produced by
<alt>","+"c" and <alt>","+"C".
The "´"+"c" and "´"+"C" produce accentuated c instead of cedilla.
In way to produce cedilla using "´"+"c" and "´"+"C", need to change
compositing
rule used by X
for all user
=> GNOME desktop only
The GNOME use their own imput method as default and will change easy.
Editing the file
#sudo gedit
/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodule-files.d/libgtk2.0-0.immodules
Add location for desired im modules
Ex.: to use Cedilla in english, add, "en" on cedilla
=> All Desktop case
In way to change for all desktop (KDE/XFCE), need to change xim compose
rule.
The xim composite rule for each locale are stored in
/usr/share/X11/locale/
Select desired locale, backup and change as desired.
For example, to eu_US.UTF-8 act as pt_BR-UTF-8 (for cedilla),
#sudo cp /usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose
/usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose.backup
#sudo gedit /usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose
and locate the line
<dead_acute><C> : "Ć" U0106 #
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH
ACUTE
and replace with (or comment and insert)
<dead_acute> <C> : "Ç"
Ccedilla # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C
WITH CEDILLA
Locate the line
<dead_acute> <c> : "ć" U0107 #
LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH
ACUTE
and replace with (or comment and insert)
<dead_acute> <c> : "ç" ccedilla #
LATIN SMALL LETTER C
WITH CEDILLA
Copy the setup file /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/default as
/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/xim
and set the input method for GNOME and KDE as xim
#sudo cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/default /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/xim
#sudo gedit /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/xim
,----[ /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/xim ]---
| ...
| GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
| QT_IM_MODULE=xim
| ...
`----
If GNOME one are configured as above (GNOME desktop only), will keep
GTK_IM_MODULE as blank to continue using GNOME default one.
Create link for all_ALL and/or desired locale
#sudo ln -sf /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/xim /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/all_ALL
or
#sudo ln -s /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/xim
/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim/en_US
Per user
a. Adjust xim compose rule
Copy apropriate compose rule from /usr/share/X11/locale/ to .XCompose
on home folder.
For example, to use cedilla as above, copy pt_BR.UTF-8 one
#cp /usr/share/X11/locale/pt_BR.UTF-8/Compose ~/.XCompose
b. Set xim as default input method
copy xinput method file file and and set GTK_IM_MODULE and QT_IM_MODULE
as xim
#mkdir ~/.xinput.d
#cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/default ~/.xinput.d/all_ALL
#gedit ~/.xinput.d/all_ALL
,----[ ~/.xinput.d/all_ALL ]---
| ...
| GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
| QT_IM_MODULE=xim
| ...
`----
for scim user
Note that if are using scim as default input method, the
English/European does not affected by above change and continue
producing accentuated c for "'"+"c".
Need to use <alt>"," and
<alt><shift>"," for cedilla.
If select X Input Method from right click->input method on text
field of GNOME apps,
change to xim, but behavior is the same. I don't know how to solve it.
Note: the <cntrl><space> enable/disable
scim for fast ime
switch.
On GDM
The change of xim composite table does not affect input method used by
gdm.
gdm use GNOME ones.
Question:
1. will change GTK immodules setup for desired user only?
2. Will change composite rule for scim (English/European)?
activate delete on
nautilus
on nautilus,
edit->preferences,
[behaviour]
Garbage bin
[v] include a Delete command that bypasses Garbage
Bin
printer administrator
In way to
change printer setup using
system->Administration->printing
the user need the part of lpadmin group
On system->Administration->users and Groups
Click on [Manage Groups] and on lpadmin, click on [properties]
On [group members], check desired user.
The advanced user will activate user as group member, direct editing
the file
/etc/group as root. Made it carefully.
#sudo gedit /etc/group
In way to super becames printer administrator, the line of lpadmin
became like
,----[ /etc/group ]-----
| ...
| lpadmin:x:108:guest
| ...
`----
Misc Notes
Nome misc tips.
Fast copy/paste
<middle button> or
<left><right> button on
mouse excute copy/past of selected text on cursor position.
Very usefull to copy text from one app to other, such as command on
text editor to terminal.
Direct delete on nautilus
To delete files (does not move to trash), use
<shift><del> as in windows.
Show hidden files
Fast way to show/hide hidden files on nautilus, use <ctrl>H.
GNOME register
For gnome config, use
gconf-editor
#gconf-editor
script for all users
Note:
The script /etc/profile are executed by all users